Sunmachine High-Temperature Stirling Engines, Silnik Stirlinga, Dokumenty
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SUNMACHINE
High-temperature Stirling Engines
Temperature range 400
C to 800
C (solar up to 1200
C)
)
Areas of application:
Power units for detached houses and multiple dwellings: electricity-generating domestic
heating systems using condensing boiler technology for regenerative and fossil fuels and
concentrated sunlight.
On-board power and heat generators for yachts, boats, mobile homes and caravans.
On-board power generation for battery-backed electrical drives for light commercial and
special vehicles, such as small tractors, electric cars, boats, etc. Particularly interesting when
used with vegetable oil (environmental benefit); example: 1 liter of vegetable oil is sufficient for
a five-hour journey at a cost of 50 US cents.
Motors for boats on inland waters and in coastal regions.
Power generator for cathodic corrosion protection of pipelines and for offshore radio stations.
Directly fuelled Veuillumier heat pumps = condensing boiler technology with 150% efficiency
for detached houses and multiple dwellings.
Refrigerating equipment for air separation, nitrogen and air liquefaction.
Refrigerating equipment for superconductivity.
CFC-free refrigerating equipment for industrial use in the ambient temperature range.
Designs:
a) Depending on type of heat source
For direct, concentrated sunlight
Transparent
cylinder wall: sunlight is incident on the absorber or regenerator in the engine
Closed
cylinder wall: sunlight is incident on an absorber surface outside the engine
For direct, concentrated sunlight and fuels (hybrid operation)
For all types of fuel: gaseous, liquid, solid, regenerative, fossil
For heat transfer medium (thermal oil, etc.)
b) Designs specific to Stirling engines
Kinematic engines (with crankshaft):
STA model range
: innovative, maintenance-free engine with oil-free trunk piston drive
mechanism in hermetically sealed Alfa-type construction, made predominantly of cast
aluminum components.
Non-kinematic engines (without crankshaft):
In free-piston Stirling engines
, the pistons are driven into the required sequence of
movements by two resonance-coupled mass-spring systems.
In linear Stirling engines
, the sequence of piston movements is only effected by
electromagnetic forces.
In acoustic Stirling engines
, expansion and compression take place within a sound wave.
Energy is supplied to or removed from the sound wave by means of contact to temperature
differences.
c) Depending on type of working gas and power density
Low power density, working gas: air, nitrogen
High power density, working gas: helium, inert gas mixture
Generation of electricity, heat and cold
SUNWELL
Low-temperature Stirling engines
Temperature range 50
C to 400
C (solar above 100
C only with booster mirror)
Areas of application:
Generation of mechanical energy
For pumping water (lifting, irrigating, re-circulating, humidifying)
Example: raising drinking water from wells, drip-irrigating fields, re-circulating water in hot-
water heating systems, humidifying tree trunks during the drying process.
For water treatment (water for drinking and domestic use from brackish water and sea water
using ultra filters and reversed osmosis)
Examples: removal of pathogenic germs from brackish water, removal of salt from sea water.
Other possible applications
Engine for mechanical work in the Third World: corn mill, oil mill, ventilator to separate chaff
from corn, drive unit for woodturning lathes, etc.
Designs:
a) Depending on type of heat source
For direct sunlight
Transparent
cylinder wall: sunlight is incident on the regenerator in the engine
Closed
cylinder wall: sunlight is incident on an absorber surface external to the engine
For liquid heat transfer medium (water, thermal oil, etc.)
b) Designs specific to Stirling engines
Kinematic engines (with crankshaft)
Free-piston machines (co-ordination of piston movements via two resonantly coupled mass-
spring systems)
Vibrating mass =
solid
Vibrating mass =
liquid
Power assist (engines with externally-controlled displacement units)
c) Depending on type of working gas and power density
Atmospheric machines, working gas: air
Supercharged machines, working gas: air, helium
Water pump types
(Driven by low-temperature Stirling engines)
Reciprocating pumps
Diaphragm pumps
Hydraulic rams
Pneumatic pumps
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